10 Coaching Cues I Wish I'd Been Given

 

Often when learning a new exercise a good cue, choice of words or something to focus on can be the "eureka!" moment that you need in order to grasp the desired technique. The point when you "get it!"

Every person is different, some are visual learners, some like to listen to coaching cues and tweaks while others need to be physically put in the correct position first time round; most benefit from a combination of all three.

However, these are 10 things to focus on / cues / top tips when practicing lifts or, ideally, if you're new to specific exercises. It's much easier to learn something than it is to re-learn something.

BENCH PRESS
1 - Push Yourself into the Bench: After you have lowered the bar to your chest, instead of focusing on pushing the bar away from you, imagine that you are trying to push yourself into the bench and drive away from the bar. As you press yourself into the bench you will engage your lats and also make yourself wider. This gives you a much wider and more stable base to press from while allowing to push with maximal effort.

DEADLIFTS
2 - Deadlift in Socks: Deadlifting in socks has multiple benefits. 1) You're instantly lower to the ground and so you don't need to lift as far (sounds petty but it makes a big difference). 2) It allows you to keep your weight predominantly on your heels and engage your hamstring better while not tipping forwards too far ahead of the bar. 3) It give you 100% recoil from the floor; no power is leaked and dispersed through the cushioning in your shoes. 4) The proprioception in your feet is improved and you are now much more grounded, balanced and stable.

3 - Take the Tension Out of the Bar: Just before starting your deadlift, squeeze your shoulder blades back and take the strain of the bar a little. If you're lifting and you can hear the bar clinking into place as it fills the hole in the plate then you're doing it wrong; it should be a silent lift without plates clinking during the initial pull. This will avoid you having a second pull as you hit resistance. By doing this brace/squeeze of the shoulder blades you will help to keep your spine in place throughout the lift. If you're not quite sure what I mean, check out this quick video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iboVuB-Ig3k 

SQUATS
4 - Screw Your Feet into the Floor: Before squatting, imagine your feet are on two plates. Without moving the position of your toes, screw your feet into the floor (right one clockwise, left anti-clockwise) to create some tension and stability in your hips and improve the knee alignment. Try to keep this tension as you sit into the squat position and it will improve your posture, stability and knee alignment throughout the exercise.

5 - Move Your Hips First, NOT your Knees: A common mistake, particularly among women (that's not sexist - it's factual) when squatting is that the knees ride forwards towards the toes. This is an ineffective movement pattern that will add unnecessary strain to your back and knees and not allow you to lift as heavy or as safely. Most people assume that the first movement for a squat is to bend at the knees.;in fact, in order to engage the hamstrings and glutes correctly and maintain a strong position it's important to tuck your hips  and move your hips backwards first. This will keep the weight on your heels and avoid the knees from riding forwards.
This guy talks you through it: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dbxxs1PErLQ

6 - Break the Bar: Being a lower body exercise, many people under estimate the importance of the upper body when squatting. Make sure that you don't relax your hands and rest them on the bar. instead, grip the bar tightly and try to "break the bar" over your shoulders as you squat. Brace/Pull down the most at the bottom of the squat. This will add the required tension in the upper back to keep you more upright and squat with the desired posture.

KETTLEBELL SWINGS
7 - Hinge Don't Squat: A kettlbell swing is a hinge movement, NOT a squat. If you want to swing with more power then hinge more, don't squat lower. The kettlebell should never swing near to your knees, it should only just clear your groin no matter what weight or range you swing with.

8 - Keep the Arm in Contact with the Body for as Long as Possible: During the back swing and the swing try to keep your upper arm and body in contact with one another for as long as possible. It's not an upper body lift so the effort should come from the hip thrust rather than any upper body strength. On the way down you shouldn't sit back and wait for the kettlebell to come down (ESPECIALLY as you swing heavier). This limits your potential power output. Instead, wait for the kettlebell to fall and pass under with you as your arm re-makes contact with the body. Watch this video if you're unsure: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_XjJjLc7NE 

PULL UPS
9 - Push Your Chest Towards the Bar: During all "pull" exercises (pull ups, bent over row, seated row etc) it's important to avoid internal rotation of the shoulder. Instead, exaggerate a good posture by bracing in the lower back and maintaining a natural arch in the lower spine, pushing your chest towards whatever object you're moving as you pull. This is probably easiest with a bent over row or seated pull - try to hit your upper ribs on the bar or handle as you pull.

GENERALLY
10 - Warm Up Specifically and Mobilise Specific Joints and Groups of Muscles: I over-looked the benefits of a specific warm up for a long time. A decent warm up (where you ACTUALLY feel warm) should leave you feeling warm, mobilised and mentally ready for the workout ahead. not only will this help with avoiding injuries but it's also crucial to offer you the mental preparedness for maximal effort. Consistently warming up well and mobilising post workout will also help to improve mobility issues and can improve rehabilitation time from injuries and minimise discomfort from existing injuries or muscular soreness - don't keep skipping this!

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Change your grip, change your life (2)

 

This is the second part of my grip focused blog. The other post: “Change Your Grip, Change Your Life (1)” explained the importance of grip training and also ways in which you could encorporate different grip methods into your current training.

One area that I skipped was “Towel Grip Training” this blog. Towel Grip Training is a great method of grip training for a number of reasons:

1)      Unlike most grip-focused work, it DOESN’T wreck your hands. This will be welcome news for any regular gym goer

2)      It doesn’t require much equipment – simple one or two small hand towels – easy to pack in your gym bag and not a huge pain to leave in there just in case

3)      It’s versitle. With a little imagination you can use towel training for lots of exercises to add an element of grip. You can even use it in outdoor training with pull ups, inverted rows and similar

Below is a video I made which will give you 5 simple but effective exercise ideas for towel training. Give them a go and pay attention to the demand it’s placing on your grip – your forearms and hands might not thank you for it!

 If that doesn't work, Click here...

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Cause and Effect in the gym... Are you holding yourself back?..

It's been agreed by many that, when faced with a problem in life, we all fall into one of two groups - "CAUSE" and "EFFECT". Inevitably you'll tend to approach the majority of problems with one of these approaches.

CAUSE...
You are decisive in creating what you want in life and take responsibility for what you have achieved or will achieve. If things are not unfolding as you would like, you take action and explore other possibilities.
Resource: Roger Ellerton Phd.

EFFECT...
You blame others of circumstances for what you have not achieved or for your life in general. You feel more powerless to improve situations and hope for things to be different or for others to provide.
Resource: Roger Ellerton Phd.

Cause and Effect explained a little more here.

When it comes to gym work, being a "causer" is ideal; you have a problem, something you don't like about yourself or your own athletic ability and you adjust your training to do something about it. However, being an effector can really cause issues with your progress, motivation and training and unfortunately, it's a very common mindset in the gym

So take a look at the problems below, see if you can relate to any of them, and see how "causers" really benefit from their mindset in the gym. If you find that you can relate to any of the "effector" issues perhaps think about adjusting your approach to the problem. Afterall, if you always do what you've always done, you'll always get what you've always got - so something needs to be changed!

So which are you? A "causer"? Or, an "effector"?..

EFFECTORS...

"I train with my friends and they lift bigger weights, but it's just because they're bigger than me"
Likelihood is they weren't born "bigger". Sure, some people have genetics on their side but if they have more quality muscle mass it's probably due to more effective training. You may do the same exercises but are you performing them the same? Look at your body weight and compare yourself with training partners looking at pound for pound strength. An easy example: Guy a) is 75kg, guy b) is 100kg. Guy a) bench presses 100kg. Guy b) bench presses 110kg. Guy a) Mr 75kg with less weight on the bar is stronger. He has just shifted 133% of his own body weight, while the "bigger" guy has only pressed 110%. If your going to use your size, or lack of size as an excuse you're never going to get anywhere! Watch some Olympic lifts and work out the pound for pound ratio there; it'll blow your mind!

Old school video from 1982. Guy snatches over TWICE his body weight!

"I go to the gym regularly and eat well but I'm not losing any weight. I've hardly eaten anything..."
Well you have haven't you!!?.. Either you're not telling the truth about what you really eat, how many times you REALLY let yourself have a treat and how controlled your portions are. Or you're not exercising efficiently, consistently and thoroughly enough. It's simple, create a calorie deficit; if calories IN is less than calories OUT, then you'll lose weight. It's a fact! You're not unfortunate and different to everyone else. You may have a slow metabolism or an under active thyroid, but you're eating too much and not exercising enough to make up for what's been consumed.

"I'm not strong enough to do that exercise"
Correct, you might not be able to do every exercise immediately. Lots of women (and a large number of men for that matter) struggle with the grip strength and the pound for pound strength needed for pull ups. But there are regressions used to build up to them. Don't try an exercise, fail and pack it in - get better! Strip the exercise back, understand how you can split it in half and perform half of the exercise or an easier alternative, practice that and progress to the full version. If pull ups are your weak point, try "negatives".
Video here: "negative" pull ups

"I'm not getting anything from personal training"
The society we live in is very instant. You want food and don't want to cook, if you pay it can be bought to your door. You want less wrinkles, you pay and you can have a tighter forehead in hours (botox if you're confused), you can walk into a car showroom and leave within an hour driving a new car as long as you have enough money. Even careers, there's no longer a "job for life". People chop and change their jobs quickly looking for promotions and improved salaries as they go, rather than slogging it out at one company and gradually climbing the career ladder. Some people struggle to understand that, in this context, when it comes to exercise and the body the approach needs to be much more rational. You need to work hard and gradually improve your body and capabilities. It's a gradual progress which only works with consistency and persistency. In terms of personal training, you can pay an arm and a leg for the best personal trainer and nutritionist in the world to help you every day of the week, but these guys can't eat a single meal for you, run a single step, or squeeze out an extra repetition on your behalf. They can HELP but results won't come unless you go and make them happen. You need to be honest with yourself. Could you try harder? Are you eating as you've been advised?.. All of the time?...

"I'm not built for deadlifts"
Deadlifts is just an example but there are endless exercises that certain body types regularly complain that they're not made for. Tall people don't like deadlifts, people with longer arms struggle with heavy bench press, heavy people don't enjoy body weight exercises like pull-ups and LOADS of people don't like to squat. Again, genetics will play a part in some exercises, the guy with the barrelled chest and short, strong arms will love to bench press, but, there's no reason that you can't be better - forget your structure. I spend a lot of time with people looking at their technique for lots of exercises. Lots of people find this process slightly down heartening as it means that they have to reduce the weight that they thought they might lift and break some very old habits. However, once the technique is nailed, the jumps in progressions are much more significant. Don't let your build stand in the way of an exercise, it might pose a challenge but ultimately, technique will prevail!

"That exercise hurts my back"
That exercise didn't do anything to you. YOU hurt your back. Did you ever think, if this is a legitimate exercise, and it's been around for years, and people STILL use it without discomfort, it's probably me that's the issue rather than the exercise? Again, it's all about technique. Technique is a heavily used work in the gym, but can be a difficult thing to coach and observe on someone else; let alone yourself! If you're serious about improving your technique and your gym buddy's aren't able to offer any advice, seek the help of a professional. They SHOULD (emphasis on "should") be able to coach you through for pain free movement. Failing this, the best thing I've found for me is video. It can sound vain but video yourself, play it back in slow motion and compare it to tutorial videos from somewhere like YouTube. I do it and it works and will, in the long term help you to develop and improve. I thought my deadlift was OK but not quite right, filmed it once and from this one video realised my leg speed was too quick and I over extend at the end - easy when you see it yourself. "Watch and be critical of yourself..."

CAUSERS...

"No matter what I do I can't shift weight from this area, I must be doing something wrong".
Body fat storage is defined by genetics. Most women will be susceptible to gaining weight in their hips, stomach and arms, while men gain mainly on the torso. You get the lucky few, skinny girls who gain weight just on their chest, or guys with awesome abs who seems to get larger looking legs the more they eat; whatever your genetic make up, you can't spot-diet or spot-exercise. For example, doing sit ups will not strip down excessive stomach fat directly.... Sorry. Lots of people say, "I want to lose weight from my stomach but don't want to be thinner anywhere else. unfortunately, you just need to reduce your body fat in general if you really want to shift the stomach fat.

"I'm not good at that exercise / That exercise is really uncomfortable. I must be able to sort out my technique and change it."

"I'm not getting anywhere with my goals. I'm going to get some professional help/try new classes/new gym programme/add an extra training day..."

"I don't usually feel too bad the day after training. I reckon I could push myself a little more!"

"I want to be stronger for my weight. I'm going to keep track of the weights I use each week."

"I want bigger arms/legs/shoulders (whatever really...) I'm going to do something to my current gym program"

So... you can see the benefit of being in the "cause" way of thinking and how restricting being an "effector" can be. If you find yourself in the "effect" camp with most of your thinking and can become down heartened or frustrated by the gym, take a step back and change your approach. You might surprise yourself!!

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"What's the BEST exercise for...?"

Probably the most common question I get asked is,

"What's the BEST exercise for 'X'....?"

Let me just clarify, I HATE this question. If there was a "best" exercise for each body part, gyms would have  multiples of 5 or 6 machines and everyone would use them. So in short, there is NO "best exercise".

Another point to clarify, the best way of getting rid of a chubby stomach is NOT crunches (this is suggested by members far too often!)

As I always say, when it comes to exercise, variety is key; so, even if you found an exercise that seems to work really well for you, at some point it will need changing or adjusting.

My dislike of this question aside, you can find below my favourite couple of exercises per body part/area and reasons why.
These would be my pick of the bunch (these will probably come as no surprise to regular gym goers but a second article on alternative exercises will follow):

CHEST...

Bench press: Link Oldy but a goody! There's a reason that most gyms have multiple benches. The same reason that the bench press has been used in competitions and strength training programs for years. It works! One of the best ways to active a large majority of the chest muscle fibres and also gave strength and progression easily.

Variations: Incline/ fat/ decline benches. Hand with. Repetition range.

Dumbbell Flys: Link It's good to include rotation exercises in all programs as well as push/pull exercises. This encourages not only joint mobility and stability, but will also activate other muscle fibres.

Variations: Incline/ flat/ decline benches. Single hand for more of a core workout. Cables or free weights.

BACK...

Pull-ups: Link Body weight exercises are often overlooked but are a great gauge of pound-for-pound strength. Pull-ups have been used in PE lessons and army training for years and are a great way of improving back strength, core stability, arm strength and grip strength. Performed correctly with a slow lowering (eccentric) phase, the chest will also benefit. Don't cut corners and carry them out with a full range of movement.

Variations: Hand grip: overhand(upper back), underhand (lower back). Grip width. Additional weight or assisted.

Bent over row: Link Until I began training people I never realised how technical and potentially dangerous this move can be. try performing it side on in a mirror, keep an eye on the technique and make sure you don't gradually stand up.

Variations: Wide grip/narrow grip. Overhand/underhand
LEGS...

Squats: Link Master these and the wheels will follow. Squats are very traditional and again used in strength competitions as they demonstrate true leg strength. Everyone should squat (that's aimed at me too!) Other than lunges, there aren't many exercises that will give you a full leg workout in such a functional fashion. Oh.. I've given away exercise 2...

Variation: Half squats. Sumo squats. Jump squats (advanced). Box/ sit down squats

Lunges: Link These can sometimes get a look as they have an 80's retro gym kudos at times and are often thrown into many people's comedy dance routines. However, lunges are great for improving leg strength and also offer emphasis on joint stability and core strength.

Variations: Walking. Dynamic. Elevated. Multi directional

NB: When it comes to legs, try to avoid quad extensions and leg curls machines at all costs. An 80's design that's not functional and frankly, not safe!

SHOULDERS...

Military press: Link Standing shoulder press with a barbell is a great way to activate your shoulders and can be performed anywhere so no waiting around for machines necessary.

Variations: Grip width. Half range. Push press

Dumbbell lateral raises: Link A great way to target the deltoids and give men and women what I refer to as the "action man muscle". This will give attractive separation and definition between the shoulder area, chest, bicep and triceps. From one exercise you not have all of these and not just an arm and a body.

Variations: Cables. Single-arm

ABS...

Crunches: LINK Performed correctly there are few exercises that will isolate your upper abs more directly and effectively. It's basic but still being used, and with good reason.

Variations: Additional weight. Timed (holding each crunch for 2-3 seconds)

Straight leg lifts: LINK Lower abs can be hard to isolate and often people with incorrect form will complain about back pain. If you can master these your entire abdominal area will get a work out with a particular emphasis on the lower region. Try to think about not using your legs and just your stomach to avoid working the hip flexors too much.

Variations: Additional weight (med ball). Twists for obliques. Half range/ full range.


SUMMARY...
As I said at the start, there is no "best exercise" and the ultimate solution is variety. However, in my opinion these moves are all great for isolating and working the desired areas.

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